文|无疆行者
2021年2月22日,美国移民局USCIS宣布,在2021年3月1日当天或之后提交的公民归化入籍申请者将使用2008年公民入籍100题测试。2020年新版本的128题将于2021年4月19日被淘汰。详情请前往USCIS官方网站>>
公民测验是口试,由USCIS主考官向申请人提问100道公民试题中的10道。 申请人必须从10道中正确回答6道才能通过入籍归化的公民测验部分。
在公民入籍考试中,有些问题的答案会因选举或任命结果而改变。 当您学习考题时,请务必确定您知道该类试题的最新答案。 当您到美国公民及移民服务局(USCIS)接受公民入籍面试时,您需要回答当时在位任职的政府官员之姓名。 美国公民及移民服务局的面试官将不会认可错误的答案。
公民测试50/20和55/15豁免规则:
申请人年满50岁、且以永久居民(绿卡)身份在美国生活20年以上; 或年满55岁、且以绿卡身份在美国生活15年以上,可选择母语中文参加公民考试, 需自带中英文流利的翻译。
⼀、AMERICAN GOVERNMENT 美国政府
A. Principles of American Democracy 美国民主原则
1. What is the supreme law of the land? 美国的最⾼法律是什么?
答:The Constitution 宪法
2. What does the Constitution do? 宪法的作⽤是什么?
• Sets up the government 建⽴政府体制 • Defines the government 定义政府 • Protects basic rights of Americans 保护美国⼈的基本权利
3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? 宪法的前三个字说明⾃治的概念 。这三个字是什么?
答:We the People 我们⼈民
4. What is an amendment? 什么是修正案?
• A change (to the Constitution) 宪法的更正 • An addition (to the Constitution) 宪法的补充
5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? 宪法的前⼗项修正案称为什么?
答:The Bill of Rights 权利法案
6*. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? 列举第⼀条修正案中的⼀项权利或⾃由 。
• Speech ⾔论⾃由
• Religion 宗教⾃由
• Assembly 集会结社的⾃由
• Press 出版⾃由
• Petition the government 向政府请愿的权利
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? 宪法有⼏条修正案?
答:Twenty-seven (27)(27 条)
8. What did the Declaration of Independence do? 「独⽴宣⾔」的作⽤是什么?
• Announced our independence (from Great Britain) 宣布美国脱离英国独⽴
• Declared our independence (from Great Britain) 宣告美国脱离英国独⽴
• Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) 表⽰美国脱离英国独⽴
9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? 列举「独⽴宣⾔」中的两项权利 。
• Life ⽣命的权利
• Liberty ⾃由的权利
• Pursuit of happiness 追求幸福的权利
10. What is freedom of religion? 什么是宗教⾃由?
答:You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 你可以信仰任何宗教,也可不信任何宗教 。
11*. What is the economic system in the United States? 美国的经济制度是什么? • Capitalist economy 资本主义经济
• Market economy 市场经济
12. What is the “rule of law”? 「法治」是什么?
• Everyone must follow the law. ⼈⼈都应遵守法律
• Leaders must obey the law. 领导⼈必须遵守法律
• Government must obey the law. 政府必须遵守法律
• No one is above the law. 没有任何⼈在法律之上
B. System of Government 政治体制
13*. Name one branch or part of the government. 列举政府体制的⼀个分⽀或部门 。
• Congress 国会
• Legislative ⽴法部门
• President 总统
• Executive ⾏政部门
• The courts 法院
• Judicial 司法部门
14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? 什么防⽌⼀个政府分⽀变得过于强⼤?
• Checks and balances 制衡
• Separation of powers 权⼒分⽴
15. Who is in charge of the executive branch? 谁负责⾏政部门?
答:The President 总统
16. Who makes federal laws? 谁制定联邦法律?
• Congress 国会
• Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院及众议院
• (U.S. or national) legislature 美国/国家⽴法部门
17*. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? 美国国会由哪两个部分组成? 答:The Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院与众议院
18. How many U.S. Senators are there? 美国参议员有⼏位?
答:One hundred (100) (100 位)
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? 我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年?
答:Six (6) (6年)
20*. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now? 列举您所在州⼀位现任美国参议员名字。
Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.] 答案依所在 州不同⽽异 。〔住在 DC 和美国领⼟的居民可答:DC(或应试居民所在领地)没有美国参议 员 。〕
21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members? 众议院有多少议员?
答:Four hundred thirty-five (435)(435位)
22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? 我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年?
答:Two (2)(2年)
23. Name your U.S. Representative. 列举您所在选区⼀位美国众议员的名字 。 Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.] 答案依所在州不 同⽽异 。〔住在没有投票权的美国领地当地代表或专员之应试者可以说明当地代表或专员的姓 名 。说明⾃⼰选区没有国会(投票)代表也是可接受的答案 。〕
24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? 美国参议员代表何⼈?
答:All people of the state 其所在州的所有⼈民
25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? 为什么有些州的众议员⼈数⽐其他州多?
• (Because of) the state’s population 由于该州的⼈口
• (Because) they have more people 由于该州有更多⼈口
• (Because) some states have more people 由于该州的⼈口⽐其他州多
26. We elect a President for how many years? 我们选出的总统任职多少年?
答:Four (4)(4年)
27*. In what month do we vote for President? 我们在哪⼀个⽉选总统?
答:November ⼗⼀⽉
28*. What is the name of the President of the United States now? 现任美国总统的名字是什么?
• Joe Biden 乔•拜登 • Biden 拜登
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? 现任美国副总统的名字是什么?
• Kamala Harris 卡马拉•哈⾥斯 • Harris 哈⾥斯
30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President? 如果总统不能视事,则由谁成为总统?
答:The Vice President 副总统
31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? 如总统副总统都不能视事,则谁成为总统?
答:The Speaker of the House 众议院议长
32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military? 谁是三军统帅?
答:The President 总统
33. Who signs bills to become laws? 谁签署法案使之成为法律?
答:The President 总统
34. Who vetoes bills? 谁否决法案?
答:The President 总统
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do? 总统的内阁做什么事?
答:Advises the President 向总统提出建议
36. What are two Cabinet-level positions? 请列举两个内阁级别的职位。
• Secretary of Agriculture 农业部长
• Secretary of Commerce 商务部长
• Secretary of Defense 国防部长
• Secretary of Education 教育部长
• Secretary of Energy 能源部长
• Secretary of Health and Human Services 健康与⼈类服务部长
• Secretary of Homeland Security 国⼟安全部长
• Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 住宅与都市发展部长
• Secretary of the Interior 内政部长
• Secretary of Labor 劳⼯部长
• Secretary of State 国务卿
• Secretary of Transportation 交通部长
• Secretary of the Treasury 财政部长
• Secretary of Veterans Affairs 退伍军⼈事务部长
• Attorney General 司法部长
• Vice President 副总统
37. What does the judicial branch do? 司法部门做什么?
• Reviews laws 审查法律
• Explains laws 解释法律
• Resolves disputes (disagreements) 解决争议
• Decides if a law goes against the Constitution 决定某⼀法律是否牴触宪法
38. What is the highest court in the United States? 美国最⾼法院是什么?
答:The Supreme Court 联邦最⾼法院
39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? 最⾼法院有⼏位⼤法官?
答:Nine (9)(9位)
40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? 现任联邦⾸席⼤法官是谁?答:John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.) 约翰-罗伯兹
41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? 根据我国宪法,有些权⼒属于联邦政府 ,请列举⼀项。
• To print money 印制钞票
• To declare war 宣战
• To create an army 创⽴军队
• To make treaties 签订条约
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? 根据我国宪法,有些权⼒属于州政府 ,请列举⼀项。
• Provide schooling and education 提供教育
• Provide protection (police) 提供保护(警员)
• Provide safety (fire departments) 提供安全(消防局)
• Give a driver’s license 提供驾驶执照
• Approve zoning and land use 批准区划与⼟地使⽤
43. Who is the Governor of your state now? 您居住州的现任州长是谁?
Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.] 答案依居住州不同⽽异 。〔哥伦⽐亚特区的居民应回答:「我们没有州长 。」〕
44*. What is the capital of your state? 您居住州的⾸府是哪⾥?
Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.] 答案依居住州不同⽽异 。〔哥伦⽐亚特区居民应回答 DC 不是⼀个州,没有⾸府 。美国领地居 民应回答居住领地的⾸府 。〕
45*. What are the two major political parties in the United States? 请说出美国当今的两⼤政党。
答:Democratic and Republican 民主党与共和党
46. What is the political party of the President now? 现任总统属于哪个政党?
答:Democratic (Party) 民主党
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? 现任国会众议院议长的名字是什么?
• Nancy Pelosi 南希-佩洛西 • Pelosi 佩洛西
C. Rights and Responsibilities 权利与责任
48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. 宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案 ,请列举⼀个 。
• Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). 18岁以上的公民可以投票。
• You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. 您投票不必缴钱/投票税。
• Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) 任何公民都可投票。男⼥都可投票。
• A male citizen of any race (can vote). 任何种族的男性公民都可以投票。
49*. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? 列举⼀项美国公民才有的责任?
• Serve on a jury 当陪审员
• Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票
50. Name one right only for United States citizens. 列举⼀项美国公民才享有的权利 。
• Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票的权利
• Run for federal office 竞选公职的权利
51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? 列举每个住在美国的⼈都有的两项权利。
• Freedom of expression 表达⾃由
• Freedom of speech ⾔论⾃由
• Freedom of assembly 集会结社的⾃由
• Freedom to petition the government 向政府请愿的⾃由
• Freedom of worship (religion) 宗教⾃由
• The right to bear arms 持有武器的⾃由
52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? 当我们宣誓效忠时,是向什么表达忠诚?
• The United States 美利坚合众国
• The flag 国旗
53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? 列举当您成为美国公民时做出的⼀项承诺。
• Give up loyalty to other countries 放弃效忠其他国家
• Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States 护卫美国的宪法及法律
• Obey the laws of the United States 遵守美国的法律
• Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 必要时加⼊美国军队
Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) 必要时为国效劳、为国做重要⼯作
• Be loyal to the United States 效忠美国
54*. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? 美国公民必须⼏岁才能投票选举总统?
答:Eighteen (18) and older (18岁以上)
55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? 列举美国⼈参与民主政治的两种⽅法。
• Vote 投票 • Join a political party 加⼊政党
• Help with a campaign 协助竞选活动• Join a civic group 加⼊公民团体
• Join a community group 加⼊社区团体
• Give an elected official your opinion on an issue 向民选官员提供⾃⼰对某项议题的意见
• Call Senators and Representatives 拨电给参议员和众议员
• Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy 公开⽀持或反对某个议题或政策
• Run for office 竞选公职
• Write to a newspaper 向报社投函
56*. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? 寄送联邦所得税表的截⽌⽇期是哪⼀天?
答:April 15 (每年4⽉15⽇)
57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? 所有男性多⼤年龄必须注册兵役登记?
• At age eighteen (18) (18岁)• Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) (18-26岁之间)
⼆、AMERICAN HISTORY 美国历史
A. Colonial Period and Independence 殖民期与独⽴
58. What is one reason colonists came to America? 殖民者到美国的原因有哪些?列举⼀项。
• Freedom ⾃由
• Political liberty 政治⾃由
• Religious freedom 宗教⾃由
• Economic opportunity 经济机会
• Practice their religion 从事宗教活动
• Escape persecution 逃避迫害
59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? 在欧洲⼈抵达之前谁在美国居住?
• American Indians 美国印地安⼈
• Native Americans 美国原住民
60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves? 哪⼀群⼈被带到美国并被贩卖为奴?
• Africans ⾮洲⼈
• People from Africa 来⾃⾮洲的⼈
61. Why did the colonists fight the British? 殖民者为何与英国作战?
• Because of high taxes (taxation without representation) 因为⾼额税(只缴税,没有代表权)
• Because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) 因为英国军队住在他们家内(寄宿、宿营)
• Because they didn’t have self-government 因为他们没有⾃治权
62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? 「独⽴宣⾔」是谁写的?
答:(Thomas) Jefferson 托马斯-杰佛逊
63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? 「独⽴宣⾔」是何时通过实施的?
答:July 4, 1776(1776年7⽉4⽇)
64. There were 13 original states. Name three. 美国原先有13个州 ,请列举其中3个 。
• New Hampshire 新罕布夏
• Massachusetts ⿇萨诸塞
• Rhode Island 罗德岛
• Connecticut 康乃狄克
• New York 纽约
• New Jersey 纽泽西
• Pennsylvania 宾⼣法尼亚
• Delaware 德拉⽡
• Maryland 马⾥兰
• Virginia 维吉尼亚
• North Carolina 北卡罗莱纳
• South Carolina 南卡罗莱纳
• Georgia乔治亚
65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? 制宪会议达成了什么事?
• The Constitution was written. 拟定宪法 。
• The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. 开国诸贤拟定了宪法 。
66. When was the Constitution written? 宪法是何时拟定的?
答:1787(1787年)
67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. 《联邦论》⽀持美国宪法的通过 。请列举《联邦论》的⼀名作者 。
• (James) Madison 詹姆⼠-麦迪森
• (Alexander) Hamilton 亚历⼭⼤-汉⽶尔顿
• (John) Jay 约翰-杰伊• Publius 普布利乌斯
68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? 列举⼀项本杰明-富兰克林的著名事迹。
• U.S. diplomat 美国外交官
• Oldest member of the Constitutional Convention 制宪会议年纪最长的成员
• First Postmaster General of the United States 美国第⼀任邮政总局局长
• Writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac” 《穷⼈理查年鉴》的作者
• Started the first free libraries 开办第⼀个免费图书馆
69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”? 谁是「美国国⽗」?
答:(George) Washington 乔治-华盛顿
70*. Who was the first President? 谁是第⼀任总统? 答:(George) Washington 乔治-华盛顿
B. 1800s(1800 年代)
71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? 美国在1803年向法国购买了哪块领地?
• The Louisiana Territory 路易⼠安纳领地
• Louisiana 路易⼠安纳
72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. 列举⼀场美国在1800年代参与的战争 。
• War of 1812(1812年战争)
• Mexican-American War 美墨战争
• Civil War 内战
• Spanish-American War 美国与西班⽛战争
73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. 请说出美国南⽅与北⽅之间战争的名称 。
• The Civil War 内战
• The War Between the States 州际战争
74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War. 列举⼀项导致内战的问题 。
• Slavery 奴⾪制度
• Economic reasons 经济原因
• States’ rights 各州的权利
75* What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? 亚伯拉罕-林肯有哪些重要事迹?列举⼀项。
• Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) 解放奴⾪(《解放宣⾔》)
• Saved (or preserved) the Union 拯救(保留)联盟
• Led the United States during the Civil War 在内战期间引领美国
76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? 《解放宣⾔》有什么作⽤?
• Freed the slaves 解放了奴⾪
• Freed slaves in the Confederacy 解放了联邦制下的奴⾪
• Freed slaves in the Confederate states 解放了联邦各州的奴⾪
• Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了南⽅⼤部分州的奴⾪
77. What did Susan B. Anthony do? 苏珊 B. 安东尼的事迹是什么?
• Fought for women’s rights 为⼥权奋⽃
• Fought for civil rights 为民权奋⽃
C. Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information 美国近代史与其他重要的历史资料
78*. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. 列举⼀场美国在 1900 年代参与的战争 。
• World War I 第⼀次世界⼤战
• World War II 第⼆次世界⼤战
• Korean War 朝鲜战争
• Vietnam War 越战
• (Persian) Gulf War (波斯湾)海湾战争
79. Who was President during World War I? 第⼀次世界⼤战期间的美国总统是谁?
答:(Woodrow) Wilson 伍德罗-威尔逊
80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? 美国经济⼤萧条和第⼆次世界⼤战期间的总统是谁?
答:(Franklin) Roosevelt 富兰克林-罗斯福
81. Who did the United States fight in World War II? 美国在第⼆次世界⼤战与哪些国家作战?
答:Japan, Germany, and Italy ⽇本、德国、意⼤利
82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? 艾森豪威尔在当总统以前是将军 。他曾参加哪⼀场战争?
答:World War II 第⼆次世界⼤战
83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? 在冷战期间,美国的主要顾虑是什么?
答:Communism 共产主义
84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination? 哪项运动试图结束种族歧视?
答:Civil rights (movement) 民权运动
85*. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? ⼩马丁-路德-⾦的事迹是什么?
• Fought for civil rights 为民权奋⽃
• Worked for equality for all Americans 为所有美国⼈争取平等
86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States? 2001年9⽉11⽇发⽣了什么重⼤事件?
答:Terrorists attacked the United States. 恐怖份⼦攻击美国 。
87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. 列举⼀个美国印地安⼈部族 。 [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.] 〔USCIS主考官将有联邦承认的美国印地安⼈部族清单 。〕
• Cherokee 切洛基
• Navajo 纳⽡荷
• Sioux 苏
• Chippewa 齐普⽡
• Choctaw 乔克陶
• Pueblo 布耶布洛
• Apache 阿帕契
• Iroquois 伊洛奎斯
• Creek 库瑞克
• Blackfeet 布雷克⾮特
• Seminole 赛⽶诺利
• Cheyenne 夏安
• Arawak 阿拉⽡克
• Shawnee 萧尼
• Mohegan 莫希根
• Huron 休伦
• Oneida 欧尼达
• Lakota 拉科塔
• Crow 克洛
• Teton 泰顿
• Hopi 贺⽪
• Inuit 伊努特
三、INTEGRATED CIVICS 综合公民
A. Geography 地理
88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States. 列举美国最长的两条河中的⼀条 。
• Missouri (River) 密苏⾥河
• Mississippi (River) 密西西⽐河
89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States? 美国西岸濒临什么海洋?
答:Pacific (Ocean) 太平洋
90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? 美国东岸濒临什么海洋?
答:Atlantic (Ocean) ⼤西洋
91. Name one U.S. territory. 列举⼀个美国领地 。
• Puerto Rico 波多黎各
• U.S. Virgin Islands 美属维京群岛
• American Samoa 美属萨摩亚
• Northern Mariana Islands 北马⾥亚纳群岛
• Guam 关岛
92. Name one state that borders Canada. 列举⼀个与加拿⼤毗连的州 。
• Maine 缅因
• New Hampshire 新罕布夏
• Vermont 佛蒙特
• New York 纽约
• Pennsylvania 宾⼣法尼亚
• Ohio 俄亥俄
• Michigan密西根
• Minnesota 明尼苏达
• North Dakota 北达科他
• Montana 蒙⼤拿
• Idaho 爱达荷
• Washington 华盛顿
• Alaska 阿拉斯加
93. Name one state that borders Mexico. 列举⼀个与墨西哥毗连的州 。
• California 加利福尼亚
• Arizona 亚利桑那
• New Mexico 新墨西哥
• Texas 德克萨斯
94* What is the capital of the United States? 美国的⾸都在哪⾥?
答:Washington, D.C. 华盛顿哥伦⽐亚特区
95*. Where is the Statue of Liberty? ⾃由⼥神像在哪⾥?
• New York (Harbor) 纽约/纽约港
• Liberty Island ⾃由岛[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]〔回答纽泽西、纽约市附近、哈德逊河上也可以接受〕
B. Symbols 标志
96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes? 国旗上为什么有⼗三个条纹?
• Because there were 13 original colonies因为当初有⼗三个殖民地
• Because the stripes represent the original colonies 因为条纹代表当初的殖民地
97*. Why does the flag have 50 stars? 国旗上为什么有五⼗颗星星?
• Because there is one star for each state 因为⼀个州有⼀颗星
• Because each star represents a state 因为⼀颗星代表⼀个州
• Because there are 50 states 因为有五⼗个州
98. What is the name of the national anthem? 美国国歌的名称是什么?
答:The Star-Spangled Banner 星条旗之歌
C. Holidays 法定假⽇
99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?我们在哪一天庆祝独立纪念日? *
答:July4 7月4日
100*. When do we celebrate Independence Day? 我们在哪⼀天庆祝独⽴纪念⽇?
答:4-Jul(7⽉4⽇)100. Name two national U.S. holidays. 列举两个美国的法定假⽇ 。
• New Year’s Day 新年
• Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 马丁路德⾦的⽣⽇
• Presidents’ Day 总统⽇
• Memorial Day 国殇⽇
• Independence Day 美国国庆⽇
• Labor Day 劳动节
• Columbus Day 哥伦布⽇
• Veterans Day 退伍军⼈节
• Thanksgiving 感恩节
• Christmas 圣诞节
有任何问题,请咨询金牌资讯专业的移民律师
陈轶珉律师718-886-4858纽约法律咨询哪里找/纽约律师咨询纽约律师推荐/纽约律师事务所/电话:718-886-4858
中华律师楼212-941-5483以最快速的途径 助你实现美国梦
纽约天成律师 (718) 473-9188
美国移民律师耿婷完整详解:EB-5 投资移民50万美元起,不在美国也可申请 电话:718-321-7130
田方中律师楼 718-886-8711
衡成律师事务所(XU LAW OFFICES P.C)929-200-7168
法拉盛移民律师楼718-321-7130/法拉盛最好的移民律师/法拉盛移民事务所